Introduction to Weaving
I realized, as I was writing another post, that this should have been my very first post. If you are a rigid heddle weaver you might want to skip this one, you know it all already. Or you can read it and correct me in the comments (seriously, I’m ok with constructive criticism). I know that some people are reading this who really don’t know anything about weaving, but you know me and so you graciously read my blog (thank you, please comment so I know who you are). So here’s a crash course on weaving.
I realized, as I was writing another post, that this should have been my very first post. If you are a rigid heddle weaver you might want to skip this one, you know it all already. Or you can read it and correct me in the comments (seriously, I’m ok with constructive criticism). I know that some people are reading this who really don’t know anything about weaving, but you know me and so you graciously read my blog (thank you, please comment so I know who you are). So here’s a crash course on weaving.
If you look at a piece of woven fabric (a cotton dress shirt or a pair of jeans) you will see fibres going from top to bottom and others from side to side. The top to bottom threads are called “warp threads” and the side to side threads are called “weft threads”. If you look carefully, you can see that the weft threads are going over and under the warp threads. This over under is what holds the fabric together. Theoretically you could take the weft thread and manually weave it over and under every weft thread. But that would take forever and be incredibly boring. So, mankind, in a quest for efficiency and a hatred of boredom, invented a very simple machine to lift certain threads up while leaving the rest alone. I might do a blog another time on the history of the loom, but for today, let’s just jump to the simple rigid heddle loom.
Pic from The Ashford Book of Rigid Heddle Weaving
It’s pretty basic. We have a wooden frame with a front and back roller and we have a heddle. The heddle has slots and holes that the yarn goes through. Yarn in the slots can move up and down with the heddle; when the heddle moves up, the threads move down; when the heddle moves down, the threads go up. Yarn in the holes doesn’t move around. As the heddle moves up and down, a “shed” is created for the weft thread (wound onto a shuttle) to travel though.
The warp threads are threaded onto the back warp stick, through the slots in the heddle then all the threads are wound onto the back roller. The yarn is threaded though the holes in the heddle, then the yarn is tied to the front warp stick. This is called “warping the loom” and can take any where from an hour to several hours.
Once the loom is warped weaving can (finally) begin. And it’s easy! Heddle up, slide shuttle through, press yarn into place, heddle down, slide shuttle through, press weft into place, repeat until finished. If that sounds boring, the pattern possibilities are endless! You can add pick up sticks, a second (or even a third) heddle, play with colour or texture, even weave tubes!
